Nature

In Azerbaijani culture, the Oriental plane tree (Platanus orientalis) is valued not merely as a natural feature, but as a historically significant element of urban design. With its remarkable longevity, imposing scale and generous canopy, the plane tree has long symbolised continuity of life and the cohesion of community.

In many medieval Azerbaijani towns, a characteristic composition can be observed: the square, fountain, mosque, bathhouse and plane tree arranged as a unified civic ensemble.

Historically, plane trees played a central role in the planning of towns and villages. Their deep root systems, sustained by underground water sources, helped to stabilise the soil and enhance the resilience of surrounding structures.

Typically planted in public squares, near mosques and caravanserais, and along key thoroughfares, plane trees provided welcome shade while helping to shape communal gathering spaces. In warmer climates in particular, they became natural focal points of daily social life - places for rest, conversation and shared community experience.

Dozens of ancient plane trees have been preserved across Azerbaijan. In Sheki, two specimens believed to be around 500 years old are recognised as natural monuments of historical importance. Revered by local residents, they are now formally protected as part of the country’s register of natural heritage.

In the settlement of Basqal stands another remarkable example - one of the rare plane trees in the world bearing an inscription. The inscription records that it was planted in 1563 by Sheikh Safayi, son of Sheikh Mohammad. With its vast trunk and hollowed interior, the tree is regarded by the local community as a place of reverence and pilgrimage.

The Basitchay State Nature Reserve is located in the Zangilan district of the Republic of Azerbaijan, within the basin of the Basitchay River. The natural plane forest found here is regarded as one of the largest and rarest of its kind in the world, both in terms of its expanse and the physical scale of the trees.

It was established across an area of 107 hectares specifically to protect the Oriental plane tree and preserve this unique ecosystem.

The rose occupies an important place in Azerbaijani culture, valued for its aesthetic appeal as well as its medicinal and culinary uses. Cultivated for centuries across various regions of the country, it has long been regarded as a symbol of beauty and refinement, while also finding wide application in everyday life - from gastronomy and traditional medicine to ceremonial customs and beyond.

In Azerbaijani gastronomy, the rose is prized as a distinctive aromatic ingredient, while in traditional healing practices it is used in a variety of infusions and preparations - including preserves, rosewater (gulab) and other extracts. Roses planted in gardens, courtyards, public spaces and palace grounds have enhanced the aesthetic character of the landscape, playing a notable role in the development of urban design and horticultural traditions.

A stroll through the rose plantations of “Lecheq Farm & Distillery” in the village of Ashaghi Tala, Zagatala, feels almost like stepping into a small paradise. Established in 2016, the farm cultivates Damask roses alongside narrow-leaved lavender and mint.