Industrial Urban Expansion Period: Housing, Transport and Infrastructure

The 1924-1927 master plan established systematic development principles. Bakgiprogor (Baku State Design Institute) was formed in 1937 to create comprehensive urban planning across Azerbaijan.

The first micro-district (mikrorayon) was built 1957-1958, eventually growing to nine self-contained residential complexes each housing 5,000-12,000 people with integrated schools, clinics, shops, cultural facilities and mandatory green spaces (15-20% of total area).

Azerbaijani architects Mikayil Useynov and Sadig Dadashov pioneered a distinctive style that integrated modernist techniques with traditional decorative motifs. The Nizami Theatre (1937-1939) and the Academy of Sciences (1948-1966) exemplify this synthesis.

Mass housing evolved from five-storey “Khrushchevka” (1950s) to nine-storey “Brezhnevka” panel buildings (1970s), establishing the “Greater Baku” concept.

The Government House (1934-1952) by Rudnev and Munts, had a paramount impact on local architecture, combining Socialist Realism with Azerbaijani motifs.